Application Note 166: Probing Redox Interactions Between Microbial EPS and p-Nitrophenol Using Electrochemical Surface Plasmon Resonance
Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) with redox functional groups play a vital role in the bioconversion of pollutants, which can affect their reactivity toward diverse environmental pollutants. However, the redox …
Application Note 164: Simultaneous Analysis of Binding Interactions using Multi-Channel SPR
Entry level surface plasmon resonance (SPR) tools with dual channels have only one measurement point since the other channel is always used as a reference.1 Therefore, increasing efforts have been …
Application Note 161: Surface Plasmon Resonance Identifies Lysozyme Interaction with Tannic Acid
Lysozyme (LZM) is found in body secretions like saliva, and it can catalytically hydrolyze peptidoglycans and exert catalysis-independent antimicrobial properties.1 Additionally, it is a valuable component in pharmaceutical and food …
Application Note 155: Rapid Determination of IgG in Sera using BI-4500A SPR System
IgG deficiencies could be a major reason for impaired humoral immunity, whereas very high IgG levels could be a result of chronic infections, autoimmune disorders, and allergies.1 The levels of …
Application Note 154: Determination of Active Concentration Using Calibration-free Methods
Kinetics of an antibody-antigen interaction forms the basis for immunological response and antibody therapeutics,
which is one of the fastest areas of growth in the pharma industry. Affinity and avidity of antibodies are the characteristics which define the overall efficacy of binding kinetics.
Application Note 152: Binding Studies of an Integrin and its Mutants using BI-4500
Integrins are heterodimeric receptors which help in cell adhesion and are ubiquitous to all metazoans.1 They also play a vital role in numerous cellular processes including cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, …
Application Note 147: Variations in the Binding Kinetics of Native and Recombinant Protein Receptors
The long and arduous process of drug development involves screening of drug candidates by determining their affinities towards a cellular target and the kinetics of the interactions. A variety of …
Application Note 145: KINETIC MEASUREMENTS OF COVID-19 VIRAL S1 PROTEIN WITH CELLULAR AND RECOMBINANT ACE2 RECEPTORS
The pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve and remains an international concern. Covid infection is caused by the air-borne coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its mutants. The viral invasion …
Application Note 139: Single-Injection Kinetic Measurement Technique for Studies of COVID-19 S1 Protein and ACE2 Binding
This application note shows the application of the single-injection measurement technique in binding kinetic studies between COVID-19 S1 and ACE2 proteins. The five-channel SPR instrument, with the BI-DirectFlow™ technology, provides a unique multi-channel technique for precise sample delivery and high-quality measurement.
Application Note 138: Kinetic Measurement of COVID-19 S1 Protein and ACE2 Binding
The coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic continues to evolve. This disease is caused by the highly contagious coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is initiated by the viral invasion into host cells through viral attachment to angiotensin (Ang)-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). ACE2, expressed in numerous different tissues, is the receptor through which the COVID-19 spike-protein (S-protein) gains entry into cells for subsequent viral replication.